Samenvatting

The thesis project was devoted to a differentiation of different types of cancer cells checking the effectiveness of the novel anti-leukemia chemicals and exploring whether the best anti-leukemia targets also target bone cancers.
The research question of this project is as follows: “How leukemia and osteosarcoma cancer cells can be differentiated in a most effective way and whether the novel anti-leukemia chemicals are also effective in osteosarcoma applying NBT/MTT screening procedures, cytotoxicity, morphological and alkaline phosphatase assays?”
In order to answer this question a set of the experiments has been executed. First, HL60 cell line was cultured and NBT/MTT test reflecting the level of maturation and viability was executed. The most efficient found chemicals, such as Dp-137 (10 µM), VC-82 (10 µM), NV-140 (10 µM), NV-139 (10 µM and 1 µM) have been subsequently tested with NBT/MTT assay using p-Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride and Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide on K562 and KG1A cell lines. Afterwards, the centrifugation and Leishman’s staining followed by the morphology analysis was performed towards HL60, K562 and KG1A in order to confirm visually the level of maturation and viability. Then, the MTT experiments were carried out on healthy lymphocytes to identify their cytotoxicity effect. In conclusion, alkaline phosphatase using p-nitrophenyl phosphate and MTT cytotoxicity assays were carried out on osteosarcoma cell line to identify their effect on bone cancer cell line.
The obtained results showed that only Dp-137 with the concentration of 10 µM out of 26 screened chemicals causes the most efficient partial differentiation of HL60 (at the third day) and K562 particularly (at the third and the fifth days) with quite high cellular viability level. Nevertheless, Dp-137 did not show a significant efficacy towards KG1A or SaOS2 cell lines. Neither any above mentioned chemicals showed any differentiation effect on osteosarcoma cell line.