Flexibility in organizations is important, especially when dealing with crises that develop in an unpredictable way. Existing management theory makes clear that organizations are confronted with different environmental dynamics and, therefore, need a mix of operational, structural and strategic flexible …

The Central Mediterranean route is currently the main one for migrants crossing the European Unions (EU) external borders. Boat migration and border security will be approached here within two main frameworks for analysis: a securitisation frame and a law enforcement frame. First, the pathways of securitisation …

In this chapter, we study the inter-organizational response to the European migration crisis by using a collective sensemaking perspective. Collective sensemaking refers to the process by which organizations construct a shared understanding of an ambiguous and confusing situation, which subsequently …

In 2015 a high number of refugees came into Europe illegally. The European Union faced remarkable pressure at its external borders. The refugee crisis has revealed that Frontex, the current European external border management agency, was not capable of effectively controlling the external borders of …

Since the political unrest in the Middle East and North Africa, the pressure on the European external borders has been increasing due the enormous flow of refugees to Europe. States play a role in creating international refugee flows. For example the interstate violence and violence between different …

The research sought to assess the impact of Operations Triton, Poseidon and Sophia on migrants seeking asylum in the EU, in terms of the risks associated with their journey and the prospect of finding asylum in the EU. It focussed on the period between 1 January 2015 and 14 September 2016, in which the …

Cross-border crime is a phenomenon that goes hand-in-hand with the abolishment of border controls in the Schengen zone and requires an international action plan. Warmerdam states that organized crime groups operate in networks and maintain close relations with each other to distribute their goods worldwide …

The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the position of Bulgaria regarding the right to asylum for refugees and protection seekers at its Southern border. In addition, the aim of the research is to outline better policy alternatives on national and European level to readdress the issue and …

Nederlands defensiepersoneel neemt met regelmaat deel aan internationale operaties die zijn ingesteld door het Europees Agentschap voor beheer van de operationele samenwerking aan de buitengrenzen (FRONTEX). De status van het personeel is in verschillende regelingen vastgelegd en verschaft hen niet …

There have been refugee movements for centuries, yet since the Second World War the number of refugees augmented significantly and international action was undertaken by organizations like the League of Nations and its successor the United Nations, which established the United Nations Higher Commissioner …