In recent decades, the level of scale in urban regions has become increasingly important for economic development. The characteristics of the specific economy in an area must be identified first in order to develop policy for regional economic growth. All kinds of measuring instruments have been developed …

Like a marker pen on a map, the Covid-19 pandemic drastically highlighted the persisting existence of borders that used to play an ever decreasing role in people´s perception and behavior over the last decades. Yes, inner European borders are open in normal times. Yes, people, goods, services and ideas …

Metacognition comprises both the ability to be aware of one’s cognitive processes (metacognitive knowledge) and to regulate them (metacognitive control). Research in educational sciences has amassed a large body of evidence on the importance of metacognition in learning and academic achievement. More …

Living labs are complex multi-stakeholder collaborations that often employ a user centred and design-driven methodology to foster innovation. Conventional management tools fall short in evaluating them. However, some methods and tools dedicated to living labs' special characteristics and goals have already …

The present work aims at providing broader insight into the environmental impact of milk production by comparing greenhouse gas (GHG) and nitrogen (N) emissions of milk production among the intensive and extensive dairy farming systems from production and land-use perspectives. Three dairy farms in the …

Urban regions are confronted with huge sustainability challenges. Their future depends to a large extent on our ability to promote sustainable urban development. However, sustainability challenges in cities are inherently complex and need integrated, multidisciplinary solutions. This textbook on Smart …

Bell pepper is a very popular crop in Romania's Western and Southern parts, and many smallholder farmers choose it. This study focused on the farmers’ practices and relationships with the supermarkets in the Southern regions Olt and Dolj. The study involved a literature review on bell pepper, high tunnels …

The Kilimanjaro region is found in the Northern parts of Tanzania mainland and is among of the regions in Tanzania which grows vanilla. The region has favorable climatic conditions, potential area for cultivation and is among the regions that have many water sources for irrigation and many irrigation …

Online food shopping has been a business model on the rise for some time. However, significant increased growth in consumers using e-commerce to purchase food has never been so high as that recorded in 2020. During this year, the world was hit by the pandemic. Governments from countries around the world …

This document combines four reports on existing regional business support programmes for inclusion or understanding of circular economy (CE) objectives, deliverable DT3.1.2 from the transform-CE project. Besides a general overview on national and regional level, the focus is on a selection of national …