The subject of this thesis is the effectiveness of the specific instance procedure of National Contact Points (NCPs), operating in the context of the Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises (MNE Guidelines) of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). This thesis aims to create …

Ever since, the recognition of the causality between earthquakes in the Northern part of the Netherlands, more specific the Region Groningen, gas production and the ensuing damage to houses and buildings in that area, society faces big challenges in policy-making. Not in the least because the above-mentioned …

The emergence of collaborative workspaces is a remarkable feature of contemporary cities. These spaces have appeared rapidly, catering for the locational needs of self-employed workers, start-ups and small-size companies. The objective of this paper is to provide an analysis of four categories of collaborative …

After the arrival of refugees in the Netherlands, many citizens wanted to act and help the social inclusion of refugees. Community initiatives emerged where some of the initiatives even grew into potential Social Enterprises. In this research we investigated the main issues initiatives around refugees …

Het Marian van Os Centre of Expertise Ondernemen van de Hanzehogeschool Groningen heeft de afgelopen jaren het thema sociaal ondernemerschap (social entrepreneurship) als een centraal onderzoeksthema opgepakt, met en voor het bijbehorende regionale werkveld. Dat regionale werkveld heeft in het Nederlandse …

This paper focuses on the specifics of the relationships between social entrepreneurs and local civil servants and politicians in The Netherlands. Policy frameworks for social enterprises (SE) are relatively underdeveloped here, as the central government took little initiative in policy development, …

Social enterprises are the organizations founded, owned, and/or managed by the social entrepreneur(s). Their organizations can take different (sometimes multiple) legal forms, such as foundations, cooperatives, or limited liability companies. Some countries introduced separate organizational forms to …

The number of social enterprises in the Netherlands has increased rapidly. Social enterprises are looking for new, innovative and economically sustainable ways to tackle structural societal challenges that generally fall outside the direct focus and objectives of the public and private sector. Social …

Social enterprises received growing attention since the financial crisis started in 2008, due to severe public sector cut backs and the inability of current structures and policies to meet social problems. This development has also been accelerated by the dissatisfaction of consumers and society in private …