The transition from the Organization for African Unity (OAU) to the African Union (AU) was a consequence of the changing peace and security agenda of the Pan-African organization. The African leaders desired a continental peace and security architecture, which would be capable of preventing, managing …

In 2000 the European Union (EU) signed the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a United Nations (UN) policy in order to reduce poverty until 2015 by half compared to the figures from 2000. The EU is fully committed to the achievement of these internationally established MDGs which aim to end poverty …

Norway rejected EC/EU membership in 1972, and then again in 1994. The aim of this report is to investigate why Norway has chosen to remain outside the union. The majority of the Norwegian government has supported a membership ever since the issue first was raised. Nevertheless, the people of Norway have …

In the Netherlands, there have been many discussions about whether or not to establish a European Defence Organisation. However, due to the political party D66 (Democrats '66), this discussion has been revived in 2006 to such an extent that it really had an impact on political agendas of the Dutch political …

The research question of this study is 'To what extent shows the response of the UN Security Council to the conflict in Darfur a shift from the norm of Westphalian sovereignty towards the norm of 'sovereignty as responsibility'? Three periods are analyzed: the initial reaction of the Security Council …

Many believe that public international law is important and crucial in resolving international disputes. It is indeed an essential resource in controlling states and other international actors. The UN has developed advisory standards, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Other international …

Will the Netherlands be able to keep its sovereignty in the current episode of European security and defence policies? More and more cooperation takes place at the international level in a globalised world. The European institutions get more and more control over Member States policies. All nation-states …

With the globalisation process and the accompanying loss of sovereignty of the nation states in mind, I take a closer look at Higher Education Policy in a European perspective. The theoretical framework is constructed by Hedmo, Sahlin-Andersson and Wedlin, researchers at Uppsala University. They state …

This article intends to examine some of the tensions that can arise between civilian relief workers and military personnel in peace operations. The context is the qualitative change that has taken place in the post-Cold War period concerning the types of peace operations that military personnel and humanitarian …

This paper is to examine the nature of information and to look at how it has changed in the "post information revolution" world. Has this changed the way in which we use it, has it altered the way in which we, as human beings, respond to it? The author also examines some potential threats and looks at …