In summary, state aid exists of government measures that provide a financial benefit to one or more undertakings or a certain industry, with the potential to distort competition or affect trade between MSs within the EU. The rules for state aid are laid down in Art. 107, 108 and 109 TFEU and the different …

The aim of the present thesis is to identify violations of the right to a fair trial and the right to liberty and security of person in Romania. It focuses on the developments that have taken place since country acceded to the EU in 2007, and delivers recommendations to address them. The miscarriages …

In the aftermath of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda the government decided to set up a "genocide divisionism" campaign in order to eradicate all ethnicity in the country and hereby prevent a new outburst of ethnic violence. The consequent established "genocide ideology" laws are highly criticised by non-governmental …

Many organizations have undergone substantial reorganization in the last decade. They re-engineered their business processes and exchanged proprietary, not integrated applications for more standard solutions. Integration of structured data in relational databases has improved documentation of business …

Within eGovernment, trust in electronic stored information (ESI) is a necessity. In the last decades, most organizations underwent substantial reorganization. The integration of structured data in relational databases has improved documentation of business transactions and increased data quality. That …

The aim of this report is to determine whether there exists a difference in the public access to justice between several member states of the European Union. The report examines the judicial structures of three member states, along with the circumstances surrounding the access to the courts. A case study …

This research report describes which legal instruments play a role in cases concerning international child abduction with a focus on, the most important legal text, the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, hereinafter the Hague Convention or HCCA. The purpose of this …

After decades of rejection of direct applicability of Article 11 ICESCR, recognizing among other things the human right to food including water, a District Court in the Netherlands ruled in June 2008 that the provision can be invoked in a court of law. The decision was inspired by a presumed change of …

This paper examines the long anticipated European Union accession to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the establishment of an actual launch of the process enabling such accession after so many years from the time it was first proposed. Further, it goes on to examine the different mechanisms …