Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in infants, and toddlers and vaccines are not yet available. A pediatric RSV vaccine (ChAd155-RSV) is being developed to protect infants against RSV disease. The ChAd155-RSV vaccine consists of a recombinant …

Background: Elective implant removal (IR) after fracture fixation is one of the most common procedures within (orthopedic) trauma surgery. The rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) in this procedure is quite high, especially below the level of the knee. Antibiotic prophylaxis is not routinely prescribed, …

IL22 is an important cytokine involved in the intestinal defense mechanisms against microbiome. By using ileum-derived organoids, we show that the expression of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) and anti-viral peptides (AVPs) can be induced by IL22. In addition, we identified a bacterial and a viral route, …

Aim: Human milk with fortification, providing additional energy, protein and micronutrients, is considered the optimal form of nutrition for preterm infants as it provides protection against infections and improves outcomes. Mothers' own milk (MOM) is the preferred choice, however in situations where …

Background: As the assistive and resistive properties of water can facilitate the performance of exercise, aquatic exercise therapy might be a promising rehabilitation modality for burn patients. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of aquatic exercise therapy in adult burn …

Black soldier fly [BSF; Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)] larvae are very effective in transforming low-grade food waste into valuable high-end proteins and fat, in intensive production facilities. The production output of this species is growing quickly, but upscaling brings risks to the …

BACKGROUND: In critical care patients, reaching optimal β-lactam concentrations poses challenges, as infections are caused more often by microorganisms associated with higher MICs, and critically ill patients typically have an unpredictable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile. Conventional intermittent …

Background The use of antiseptic barrier caps reduced the occurrence of central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in adult intensive care settings. We assessed the effect of the use of antiseptic barrier caps on the incidence of CLABSI in infants and children and evaluated the implementation …

Introduction: Sustained high compliance with hand hygiene prior to patient contact in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) could reduce the spread of pathogens and incidence of bloodstream infections of preterm infants. These infections are associated with high mortality, morbidity and additional costs. …

The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the aims and results of the JPIAMR (Joint Programming Initiative on AntiMicrobial Resistance) project “Appropriate use of antibiotics: the role of CAM treatment strategies”. An additional aim is to raise some key questions and challenges with respect …