We report the detection of tryptophan at sub-ppb levels for a fluorometer based on Fresnel lenses and low-cost electronics. These fluorometers can be used to detect fecal contamination in drinking water, indicated by tryptophan-like fluorescence.

A promising vehicle for a smart government is the exploitation of the large amount of heterogeneous data that becomes available increasingly. The field of Big Data (BD) responds to this promise by leveraging the potentials of such data. In this paper, a systematic approach is adopted to argue why the …