The increasing rate of urbanization along with its socio-environmental impact are major global challenges. Therefore, there is a need to assess the boundaries to growth for the future development of cities by the inclusion of the assessment of the environmental carrying capacity (ECC) into spatial management. …

PURPOSE: To document and analyse the decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatment (LST) in a population of very old patients admitted to the ICU. METHODS: This prospective study included intensive care patients aged ≥ 80 years in 309 ICUs from 21 European countries with 30-day mortality …

During my first visit to Japan in 1990 I got acquainted with the Toshiba DynaBook. Unlike earlier laptops, this one was small, elegant and easily fitted into a backpack. A year later I was able to purchase one. This wonder of compact technology accompanied me during my travels to Berlin and Eastern Europe …

After the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich in May 1945, Germany no longer existed as a sovereign, independent nation. It was occupied by the four Allied powers: France, Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union. When it came to the postwar European recovery, the biggest obstacle …

Following tragic events in the Mediterranean Sea, several actions described in the European Agenda on Migration were put into operation. One of these key actions was the establishment of the EU Action Plan against migrant smuggling in 2015. The main goal of the EU Action Plan is to prevent and counter …

Underground culture and non-institutional arts of Eastern Europe, North America and Western Europe of the 1970s/1980s often included experimentation with the dispensation of individual signatures and identities, in favor of pseudonyms and collective-anonymous identities. This included dispensation of …

This chapter links democracy promotion to soft power in order to highlight how the spread of democracy has changed the balance of power between the West and Russia. It considers Putins speech to the 2015 United Nations General Assembly as his intellectual response to democracy promotion and democratization. …

The transition from institutional to community care for vulnerable people has been shaping the welfare system in Europe over the last decades. For the period of 2014-20, deinstitutionalisation became one oft he highlighted priorities oft he European Commission in order to promote reforms in disability …

Background: Although the incidence of HIV/AIDS has decreased globally, it is on the rise in Eastern Europe. The primary mode of HIV transmission in the region is injecting drug use (IDU) due to the smuggling routes of Afghan heroin into Europe, which makes drugs widely available. The widespread sharing …

The transition from institutional to community care for vulnerable people has been shaping the welfare system in Europe over the last decades. For the period of 2014-20 deinstitutionalization became one of the highlighted priorities of the European Commission in order to promote reforms in disability …