Total organic carbon (TOC) is often found in natural water sources, and also may come from (chemical) water treatment processes or from sewage. It may react with disinfectants to produce DBPs (disinfection by-products), which are harmful to water systems and public health. Besides, in industrial systems …

A lot of industries in the world use water and produce waste, and with limited water resources and an increasing population, industrial development has grown, putting even more stress on resources. This issue of concern has been recognized and efforts into conserving these precious resources has been …

During experimental research for the RINEW project at the pilot location of Evides Industriewater in Rotterdam, the utilization of tubular ceramic nano- and microfiltration membranes in a municipal wastewater treatment system was analyzed with regard to specific aspects of membrane technology. These …