Background Confounding bias is a common concern in epidemiological research. Its presence is often determined by comparing exposure effects between univariable- and multivariable regression models, using an arbitrary threshold of a 10% difference to indicate confounding bias. However, many clinical researchers …

There is a dualism in current policy discourses on public health between neoliberal conceptions of health, and health as a product of social conditions. These conceptions also co-exist in the narratives of citizens. In this qualitative study carried out in the Netherlands, we analysed how people living …

The Urban Gaming studio aims to challenge that by not defining the brief priory (no program, no objectives, no site boundaries). Instead it emphasizes that a client or clients should be sought for, that multiple voices or stakeholders are needed and that a strategy is required to incorporate their needs …

In 2017 NATO initiated Enhanced Forward Presence (eFP) in the Baltics to deter Russia. While most studies analyse eFP from the perspective of NATO or the troop contributing countries, this chapter addresses the question how the host nations, i.e. in this contribution Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, perceive …

The deterrence of non-state actors is a relatively understudied and not particularly well-understood aspect of deterrence studies. This chapter contributes to the emerging body of knowledge on this matter by coining the idea of localised deterrence. Based on a discussion of counterinsurgency theory it …

Objective To explore how to build and maintain the resilience of frontline healthcare professionals exposed to COVID-19 outbreak working conditions. Design Scoping review supplemented with expert interviews to validate the findings. Setting Hospitals. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, …

The popularity of recreational sports such as running, has increased substantially due to its low threshold to start and it is attractive for a wide range of people. However, despite the growing popularity, running has a high drop-out rate due to injuries and motivational loss, especially among novice …

Background: The prescription of physical activity (PA) in clinical care has been advocated worldwide. This “exercise is medicine” (E=M) concept can be used to prevent, manage, and cure various lifestyle-related chronic diseases. Due to several challenges, E=M is not yet routinely implemented in clinical …

To strengthen students’ professional identity (PI), it is vital to give reflection a central place in higher education. The aim of this study is to determine the extent to which students reflect on five components of PI (self-image, self-esteem, task perception, job motivation and future perspective) …

Only a few efforts have been made to define competencies for epidemiologists working in academic settings. Here we describe a multi-national effort to define competencies for epidemiologists who are increasingly facing emerging and potentially disruptive technological and societal health trends in academic …