The primary cause of death in breast cancer cases is often metastasis, the spread of cancer cells systemically and the formation of secondary tumors in distant organs of the body. The invasion of breast tumor cells into the surrounding tissue is an initial step in the metastatic cascade. In addition …

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) typically arises from mutations inherited in the germline. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutaions are predominant contributors to HBOC, accounting for the majority of cases. These mutations are associated with 10% of ovarian cancer cases and 3-5% of breast cancer cases [4]. BRCA1 …

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and its key role in modulating immune responses has been widely recognized as a therapeutic target for inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Even though inhibition of TNF-α is beneficial for the treatment of certain inflammatory diseases, total neutralization …

5% to 10% of all cancers are linked to gene mutations inherited from parents. The most common gene related to hereditary cancer is the p53 gene. It is a crucial tumor suppressor. However, the mutated gene is commonly inherited from one generation to another one. The functions of p53 resume to the activation …

INTRODUCTION: In patients with cancer, low muscle mass has been associated with a higher risk of fatigue, poorer treatment outcomes, and mortality. To determine body composition with computed tomography (CT), measuring the muscle quantity at the level of lumbar 3 (L3) is suggested. However, in patients …

PURPOSE: Both malnutrition and frailty are associated with adverse treatment outcomes. Malnutrition (risk) and frailty are each commonly present in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). However, their coexistence and association is unknown. Main goal of this study is to determine the coexistence …

The early detection of breast-cancer-related lymphedema and referral for therapy has the potential to reduce lymphedema-related morbidity. Although research shows the benefits, a gap is observed between evidence and daily practice. We aimed to determine whether the early detection of lymphedema and referral …

Een nauwkeurige intekening van de tumor en omliggende kritieke organen is essentieel voor radiotherapie om een zo goed mogelijk behandelresultaat te verkrijgen. Het intekenen van kritieke organen is echter gevoelig voor inter- en intra-observervariatie. Eerder onderzoek heeft uitgewezen dat de kwaliteit …

Purpose/Objective: Most dose-escalation trials in glioblastoma patients integrate the escalated dose throughout the standard course by targeting a specific subvolume. We hypothesize that anatomical changes during irradiation may affect the dose coverage of this subvolume for both proton- and photon-based …

In 2016 waren er in Nederland 645.900 mensen bekend bij de huisarts met een vorm van verworven hersenletsel als gevolg van bijvoorbeeld een ongeluk, tumor, herseninfarct, hartstilstand, hersenbloeding of operatie. Dit wordt niet-aangeboren- of verworven hersenletsel genoemd. De gevolgen die hiertoe behoren …