More awareness is needed in food service and culinary schools for the effect of the chefs’ smoking behavior on their salt use. Smoking is known to affect taste perception. Restaurant dishes are often high in salt and smoking might play a role in this. We show that prevalence of smoking among Dutch chefs …

About 20% of energy intake in the Netherlands is consumed out-of-home. Eating out-of-home is associated with higher energy intake and poorer nutrition. Menu labeling can be considered a promising instrument to improve dietary choices in the out-of-home sector. Effectiveness depends on the presentation …