Samenvatting

Social, contextual, and technological changes affected the educational context for students who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) in higher education in many countries. Although, several barriers to academic success already have been identified, the perspectives of D/HH-students on inclusion, educational facilities, and support are important to overcome them. This interview-based qualitative study describes the perspectives of 32 D/HH-students in mainstream higher education in The Netherlands. Within the dichotomy of environmental factors and personal factors, data have been analysed. Students experienced social acceptance by others with typical hearing, although participating in social events sometimes caused feelings of loneliness or separation. Access arrangements and adjustments in educational programs were necessary to cope with the experienced fatigue, participate during lectures or increase speech intelligibility of the lecturer. Especially poor classroom acoustics and limited intelligibility of speech hampered students during lectures. Students expressed their dissatisfaction about the way access arrangements and adjustments were arranged, yet at the same time, they do not know what the requested help should look like. A co-created policy in which D/HH-students, student support officers, and institutional policy makers are involved, would support D/HH-students in mainstream higher education in The Netherlands and abroad in their needs.