Samenvatting

Over the past decades, international terrorism started to reach its ideological peak, challenging and disrupting whole societies and governmental organs. This modern form of terror contains violent
implications, psychologically pressing the innocent masses. Initially inspired by occasional, domestically constricted insurgencies from the past, the nature of terrorism began its societal expansion and self-radicalization even further. Some of the most prominent terrorist leaders, one of which was Usama bin Laden, were seen as the general initiators of some of the biggest attacks against the Western world. Initially associated with the most popular form of terrorism, namely the jihadist one, the role and impact of terrorism testified its fatal existence. In addition, its dominating presence showed the constant struggle for its global recognition. The war against the terrorists became a dynamic occurrence, observed in a variety of opposing ideologies and political struggles. In this
context, the terrorist tendencies in the current millennium constitute a great part of the whole understanding of terrorism.
Terrorism, contemporarily seen as the modern war of the century, is primarily employed as an act of protest, frustration and confrontation, initiated and based on a variety of reasons. These are
simultaneously aiming at different targets, mostly ethno and ideological-political ones. Based on its differently charged ideas, terrorism splits in many historical definitions. Some of these definitions suggest that currently terrorism is still strongly rooted in conventional warfare. In that sense, modern terrorism and conventional war identify primarily with similar motives, strategies, tactics and practical concepts.
The overall image of internationally and locally grown terrorism is still in development. For the past decade, prevailing forms like Islamist, left and right terrorism and anarchism have constantly gained regional momentum. However, their mass emergence in the late 20th century and further development experienced fluctuating periods. In that sense, the modern terrorist's tendency started showing its
strategic alterations. For example, the current planning and organization of terrorist acts, takes place within different organizational schemes, time slots, transnational networks or loose groups. However, these observations need to be further outlined in the context of the counteracting tools of the Western world - the counter-terrorism programmes. In view of this, counter-terrorist initiatives came into existence, initiated as one of the most horrific attacks against The United States on September 11, 2001. The following attacks in Madrid, London, and constant terrorist threats, laid the future foundations for combating this form of war.
Terrorism: political, socio-psychological and ideological factors and their impact on multilateral dialogues Martina Petkova and negotiations in global security rethinking in the 21st century
The Hague School of European Studies 2 The ideological evolution of modern terrorism began its dissemination with several basic points,
steadily interrelating and associating with the changing image of technology, globalization, counterterrorist dynamics and democratization of societies. In the first instance, the primary terrorist incentive changed, in terms of tactics and degree of societal harm. In that sense, one of the most important signs
of this process showed that terrorism succeeds in adapting to the given politico-social environment, which makes its obliteration more complex. Secondly, the reflections suggest that doctrines and
motives slowly start overlapping, in terms of specific strategies and strive for popularization. This observation shows that the immense power of ideological masses continues to support terrorism and its
existence. Thirdly, the role of globalization influences, to an extent, the whole picture of terrorism, in terms of communication and general ideological dissemination. This all reflects on the contemporary emergence of strongly coherent terrorist cells and networks in the Western world. These groups are characterized in transnationally grown terrorists, in particular Middle-East immigrants.
The current state of terrorism mobilizes many mainstream ideologies, regimes, overall societal perceptions and occurrences into negatively connotated ideas. In addition, modern terrorism supplements the flow of indoctrination, making its ideological dissemination clearer. It is therefore worth noting that the future suggests quite disturbing scenarios, which require mutual and cooperative support.