Samenvatting

Initiatives in the field of local renewable energy appear to be very successful in several countries. Because of their activities, the share of renewable energy and the involvement of citizens and civil society organizations in energy transition have increased. Examples form Denmark are well known, but also in other countries such as UK, Germany, Austria, Japan and USA these types of initiatives exist. They also lay the foundation for innovation: changes in the organization of supply, social cohesion and new technologies.