This paper presents five design prototypes for cool urban water environments developed in the 'Really cooling water bodies in cities' (REALCOOL) project. The REALCOOL prototypes address an urgent need: urban water bodies, such as ponds or canals, are often assumed to cool down their surroundings during …

Urban green and shading are adaptation measures that reduce urban heat. This is evident from meteorological measurements and investigations with surveys and has been described in many papers (e.g. Klemm et al., 2015). The cooling effect of these adaptation measures is reflected by lower air temperatures …

There are several greenhouses built with solar panels integrated into the roof. In summer time this will operate very well, although broad shadow stripes can result in growth and yield differences. In winter the amount of sunlight is further limited by the solar panels and will result in further reduction …